This document includes summary tables for the most recent Ecosystem
Status Report (ESR) or other ecosystem information document for each
U.S. Fishery Management Council region. Code to produce the summary
datasets summtab.csv
and compesrdat.csv
that are used to produce these tables is contained in the document ESRsumms.Rmd.
Draft ESR document summaries and R code to organize document section and indicator names into datasets were initially generated by Claude Sonnet 4.5 from each pdf file, then thoroughly reviewed and hand corrected where they inaccurately represented ESR content. Summaries were repeated using identical prompts on the same document for two ESRs from different regions to determine whether summaries were consistent. Differences between the replicate summaries were limited to formatting; section headings and indicators identified were consistent across replicates.
However, note that while indicator counts given here should provide insight for comparisons across regional documents, they are approximate counts. There is interpretation required to count indicators: for example, are abundance and biomass from the same data source two indicators or one? Are time series for different species from the same source presented in one figure one single or multiple indicators? Are monthly vs. annual, local vs. regional sea surface temperature (SST) from the same source different indicators? When reviewing indicator summaries for each report, clearly different indicators were separated to the similar levels reported across all reports.
The code used below to compare indicators was human generated :-)
This table gives an overview of which Councils receive which reports, the reporting region, the most recent year of the report, report length, number of sections, approximate number of indicators (see note above), and the first and last section headers in each report. This give some insight into structural differences between the reports.
Council | Region | Year | Total pages | Number of Sections | Number of Indicators | First Section | Last Section |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CFMC | Caribbean | 2025 | 66 | 8 | 30 | Food production | Risks to meeting fishery management objectives |
GFMC | Gulf | 2017 | 56 | 7 | 29 | Climate Drivers | Human Dimensions |
MAFMC | Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | 52 | 11 | 82 | Seafood Production | 2024 Highlights |
NEFMC | New England | 2025 | 64 | 11 | 82 | Seafood Production | 2024 Highlights |
NPFMC | Aleutian Islands | 2024 | 123 | 12 | 48 | Biophysical | Sustainability |
NPFMC | Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | 268 | 18 | 101 | Physical Environment | Sustainability |
NPFMC | Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | 266 | 19 | 63 | Physical Environment - Climate | Citizen Science |
PFMC | California Current | 2025 | 178 | 11 | 34 | Climate and Ocean Drivers | Fishing Activities |
SAFMC | South Atlantic | 2021 | 144 | 7 | 46 | Climate Drivers | Human Dimensions |
WPFMC | Hawaii | 2022 | 91 | 6 | 26 | Human Connections | Vulnerability of Coral Reefs to Climate Change |
The following tables summarize each regional report in more detail. Press a tab to see the table for that region.
This first set of tables shows the major report sections for each report and the approximate number of indicators in each section. Note that this leaves out introductory and summary sections for each report and focuses on the main indicator sections in each.
Region | Year | Section | Order | Number of Indicators |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Biophysical | 1 | 21 |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Habitat | 2 | 4 |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Jellyfish | 3 | 1 |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Salmon | 4 | 1 |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Groundfish | 5 | 2 |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Benthic Nontarget | 6 | 4 |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Seabirds | 7 | 5 |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Marine Mammals | 8 | 2 |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Ecosystem or Community | 9 | 3 |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Disease Ecology | 10 | 1 |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Fishing Human Dimensions | 11 | 3 |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Sustainability | 12 | 1 |
Region | Year | Section | Order | Number of Indicators |
|---|---|---|---|---|
California Current | 2025 | Climate and Ocean Drivers | 1 | 11 |
California Current | 2025 | Copepods and Krill | 2 | 2 |
California Current | 2025 | CPS and Regional Forage | 3 | 3 |
California Current | 2025 | Salmon Indicators | 4 | 3 |
California Current | 2025 | Groundfish | 5 | 2 |
California Current | 2025 | Highly Migratory Species | 6 | 2 |
California Current | 2025 | Seabird Indicators | 7 | 3 |
California Current | 2025 | Marine Mammals | 8 | 2 |
California Current | 2025 | Harmful Algal Blooms | 9 | 1 |
California Current | 2025 | Human Wellbeing | 10 | 3 |
California Current | 2025 | Fishing Activities | 11 | 2 |
Region | Year | Section | Order | Number of Indicators |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Caribbean | 2025 | Food production | 1 | 4 |
Caribbean | 2025 | Socioeconomic health | 2 | 4 |
Caribbean | 2025 | Equality | 3 | 1 |
Caribbean | 2025 | Engagement and participation | 4 | 2 |
Caribbean | 2025 | Bycatch reduction | 5 | 1 |
Caribbean | 2025 | Governance | 6 | 4 |
Caribbean | 2025 | Protection of ecosystems | 7 | 1 |
Caribbean | 2025 | Risks to meeting fishery management objectives | 8 | 13 |
Region | Year | Section | Order | Number of Indicators |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Physical Environment | 1 | 12 |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Habitat | 2 | 3 |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Primary Production | 3 | 4 |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Zooplankton | 4 | 6 |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Jellyfish | 5 | 2 |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Ichthyoplankton | 6 | 6 |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Forage Fish | 7 | 10 |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Salmon | 8 | 7 |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Groundfish | 9 | 16 |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Recruitment Predictions | 10 | 2 |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Benthic Communities | 11 | 8 |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Seabirds | 12 | 8 |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Marine Mammals | 13 | 1 |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Ecosystem Indicators | 14 | 4 |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Foraging Guilds | 15 | 4 |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Emerging Stressors | 16 | 5 |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Discards & Bycatch | 17 | 2 |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Sustainability | 18 | 1 |
Region | Year | Section | Order | Number of Indicators |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Gulf | 2017 | Climate Drivers | 1 | 3 |
Gulf | 2017 | Physical and Chemical Pressures | 2 | 3 |
Gulf | 2017 | Habitat State | 3 | 3 |
Gulf | 2017 | Lower Trophic States | 4 | 3 |
Gulf | 2017 | Upper Trophic States | 5 | 3 |
Gulf | 2017 | Ecosystem Services | 6 | 2 |
Gulf | 2017 | Human Dimensions | 7 | 12 |
Region | Year | Section | Order | Number of Indicators |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Physical Environment - Climate | 1 | 4 |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Physical Environment - Ocean Temperature | 2 | 4 |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Physical Environment - Ocean Transport | 3 | 4 |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Habitat | 4 | 2 |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Primary Production | 5 | 3 |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Zooplankton | 6 | 5 |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Forage Fish | 7 | 6 |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Salmon | 8 | 3 |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Groundfish | 9 | 6 |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Benthic Communities | 10 | 2 |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Seabirds | 11 | 4 |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Marine Mammals | 12 | 3 |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Prince William Sound | 13 | 4 |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Fishing Indicators | 14 | 3 |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Habitat Quality | 15 | 1 |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Sustainability | 16 | 2 |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Disease & Toxins | 17 | 2 |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Ecosystem Community Indicators | 18 | 4 |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Citizen Science | 19 | 1 |
Region | Year | Section | Order | Number of Indicators |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Hawaii | 2022 | Human Connections | 1 | 4 |
Hawaii | 2022 | Small Boat Commercial Fishers | 2 | 5 |
Hawaii | 2022 | Coral Reefs and Reef Fish | 3 | 6 |
Hawaii | 2022 | Climate and Ocean | 4 | 6 |
Hawaii | 2022 | Human Impacts | 5 | 2 |
Hawaii | 2022 | Vulnerability of Coral Reefs to Climate Change | 6 | 3 |
Region | Year | Section | Order | Number of Indicators |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Seafood Production | 1 | 9 |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Commercial Profits | 2 | 5 |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Recreational Opportunities | 3 | 2 |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Stability | 4 | 8 |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Community Social and Climate Vulnerability | 5 | 6 |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Protected Species | 6 | 6 |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Spatially | 7 | 9 |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Seasonally | 8 | 5 |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | 9 | 15 |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Offshore Wind Risks | 10 | 7 |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | 2024 Highlights | 11 | 10 |
Region | Year | Section | Order | Number of Indicators |
|---|---|---|---|---|
New England | 2025 | Seafood Production | 1 | 9 |
New England | 2025 | Commercial Profits | 2 | 5 |
New England | 2025 | Recreational Opportunities | 3 | 2 |
New England | 2025 | Stability | 4 | 8 |
New England | 2025 | Community Social and Climate Vulnerability | 5 | 6 |
New England | 2025 | Protected Species | 6 | 6 |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Spatially | 7 | 8 |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Seasonally | 8 | 6 |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | 9 | 15 |
New England | 2025 | Offshore Wind Risks | 10 | 7 |
New England | 2025 | 2024 Highlights | 11 | 10 |
Region | Year | Section | Order | Number of Indicators |
|---|---|---|---|---|
South Atlantic | 2021 | Climate Drivers | 1 | 5 |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Physical and Chemical Pressures | 2 | 13 |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Habitat States | 3 | 5 |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Lower Trophic Level States | 4 | 4 |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Upper Trophic Level States | 5 | 6 |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Ecosystem Services | 6 | 9 |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Human Dimensions | 7 | 4 |
This second set of tables shows a detailed list of indicators for each report section. The tables can be long!
Region | Year | Section | Indicator |
|---|---|---|---|
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Biophysical | Sea Surface Temperature SST |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Biophysical | Sea Level Pressure SLP |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Biophysical | wind patterns |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Biophysical | NINO3.4 |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Biophysical | PDO |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Biophysical | North Pacific Index |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Biophysical | NPGO |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Biophysical | Arctic Oscillation |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Biophysical | Aleutian Low Index |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Biophysical | NMME forecast models (1-5 month projections) |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Biophysical | Extended Reconstructed SST 1900-2024 |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Biophysical | Daily SST |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Biophysical | MHW frequency |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Biophysical | MHW intensity |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Biophysical | MHW spatial extent |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Biophysical | Survey surface water temperatures |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Biophysical | Survey bottom water temperatures |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Biophysical | Eddy kinetic energy from satellite altimetry |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Biophysical | Mesozooplankton biomass |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Biophysical | diatom abundance |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Biophysical | copepod community size |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Habitat | Biomass of sponges |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Habitat | Biomass of corals |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Habitat | Biomass of anemones |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Habitat | Biomass of sea pens |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Jellyfish | Jellyfish biomass from bottom trawl surveys |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Salmon | Pink salmon abundance and biomass (biennial) |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Groundfish | Length-weight residuals (body condition index) |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Groundfish | Mean weighted distribution by depth, temperature, geographic position |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Benthic Nontarget | Biomass of eelpouts |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Benthic Nontarget | Biomass of poachers |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Benthic Nontarget | Biomass of shrimps |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Benthic Nontarget | Biomass of sea stars |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Seabirds | Hatch dates |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Seabirds | Reproductive success |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Seabirds | Diet composition |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Seabirds | Beached birds |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Seabirds | Seabird bycatch mortality by species and gear type |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Marine Mammals | Non-pup and pup counts at rookeries |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Marine Mammals | Number and species of stranded marine mammals |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Ecosystem or Community | Inverse CV of total groundfish biomass |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Ecosystem or Community | Biomass-weighted mean length |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Ecosystem or Community | Biomass-weighted mean lifespan |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Disease Ecology | PST levels in mussels; toxic algal species presence |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Fishing Human Dimensions | Bycatch of jellyfish |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Fishing Human Dimensions | Bycatch of epifauna |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Fishing Human Dimensions | Bycatch of invertebrates |
Aleutian Islands | 2024 | Sustainability | Overfishing/overfished status full BSAI; biomass relative to BMSY |
Region | Year | Section | Indicator |
|---|---|---|---|
California Current | 2025 | Climate and Ocean Drivers | Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) |
California Current | 2025 | Climate and Ocean Drivers | Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) |
California Current | 2025 | Climate and Ocean Drivers | North Pacific Gyre Oscillation (NPGO) |
California Current | 2025 | Climate and Ocean Drivers | Sea Surface Temperature |
California Current | 2025 | Climate and Ocean Drivers | Coastal Upwelling Transport Index (CUTI) |
California Current | 2025 | Climate and Ocean Drivers | Biologically Effective Upwelling Transport Index (BEUTI) |
California Current | 2025 | Climate and Ocean Drivers | Habitat Compression Index (HCI) |
California Current | 2025 | Climate and Ocean Drivers | Dissolved Oxygen (Hypoxia) |
California Current | 2025 | Climate and Ocean Drivers | Ocean Acidification (Aragonite Saturation) |
California Current | 2025 | Climate and Ocean Drivers | Snow-Water Equivalent (SWE) |
California Current | 2025 | Climate and Ocean Drivers | Streamflow and Stream Temperature |
California Current | 2025 | Copepods and Krill | Northern Copepod Biomass Anomaly |
California Current | 2025 | Copepods and Krill | Krill (Euphausia pacifica) Length and Biomass |
California Current | 2025 | CPS and Regional Forage | Coastwide CPS Abundance |
California Current | 2025 | CPS and Regional Forage | Northern CCE Forage (JSOES) |
California Current | 2025 | CPS and Regional Forage | Central CCE Forage (RREAS) |
California Current | 2025 | Salmon Indicators | Juvenile Salmon Abundance (CPUE) |
California Current | 2025 | Salmon Indicators | Columbia Basin Chinook Stoplight Table |
California Current | 2025 | Salmon Indicators | California Chinook Stoplight Table |
California Current | 2025 | Groundfish | Juvenile Groundfish Abundance |
California Current | 2025 | Groundfish | Groundfish Distribution (Center of Gravity) |
California Current | 2025 | Highly Migratory Species | HMS Spawning Stock Biomass |
California Current | 2025 | Highly Migratory Species | HMS Diet Composition |
California Current | 2025 | Seabird Indicators | Seabird Fledgling Production |
California Current | 2025 | Seabird Indicators | Seabird Diet Composition |
California Current | 2025 | Seabird Indicators | Seabird Mortality Events |
California Current | 2025 | Marine Mammals | California Sea Lion Pup Counts |
California Current | 2025 | Marine Mammals | Whale Entanglements |
California Current | 2025 | Harmful Algal Blooms | Domoic Acid Concentrations |
California Current | 2025 | Human Wellbeing | Community Social Vulnerability Index (CSVI) |
California Current | 2025 | Human Wellbeing | Fishery Revenue Diversification (ESI) |
California Current | 2025 | Human Wellbeing | Fisheries Participation Networks |
California Current | 2025 | Fishing Activities | Commercial Landings by Fishery |
California Current | 2025 | Fishing Activities | Recreational Landings |
Region | Year | Section | Indicator |
|---|---|---|---|
Caribbean | 2025 | Food production | Abundance of economically important species |
Caribbean | 2025 | Food production | Pelagic:demersal ratio of landings |
Caribbean | 2025 | Food production | Maximum length in the landings |
Caribbean | 2025 | Food production | Commercial landings |
Caribbean | 2025 | Socioeconomic health | Commercial revenues |
Caribbean | 2025 | Socioeconomic health | Commercial fishing trips |
Caribbean | 2025 | Socioeconomic health | Economic activity |
Caribbean | 2025 | Socioeconomic health | Ocean economy |
Caribbean | 2025 | Equality | Commercial revenue distribution |
Caribbean | 2025 | Engagement and participation | Recreational landings |
Caribbean | 2025 | Engagement and participation | Commercial fishing engagement and reliance |
Caribbean | 2025 | Bycatch reduction | Changes in gear type |
Caribbean | 2025 | Governance | Regulatory trends |
Caribbean | 2025 | Governance | Species with informative catch limits |
Caribbean | 2025 | Governance | Education and outreach events |
Caribbean | 2025 | Governance | Enforcement actions |
Caribbean | 2025 | Protection of ecosystems | Coral cover and coral species diversity |
Caribbean | 2025 | Risks to meeting fishery management objectives | Sea surface temperature |
Caribbean | 2025 | Risks to meeting fishery management objectives | Coral bleaching stress |
Caribbean | 2025 | Risks to meeting fishery management objectives | Ocean acidification |
Caribbean | 2025 | Risks to meeting fishery management objectives | Hurricane activity |
Caribbean | 2025 | Risks to meeting fishery management objectives | Earthquake activity |
Caribbean | 2025 | Risks to meeting fishery management objectives | Point source pollution |
Caribbean | 2025 | Risks to meeting fishery management objectives | Turbidity |
Caribbean | 2025 | Risks to meeting fishery management objectives | Water quality |
Caribbean | 2025 | Risks to meeting fishery management objectives | Coastal development |
Caribbean | 2025 | Risks to meeting fishery management objectives | Primary productivity |
Caribbean | 2025 | Risks to meeting fishery management objectives | Sargassum inundation |
Caribbean | 2025 | Risks to meeting fishery management objectives | Market disturbances |
Caribbean | 2025 | Risks to meeting fishery management objectives | Human activity |
Region | Year | Section | Indicator |
|---|---|---|---|
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Physical Environment | North Pacific Index (NPI) |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Physical Environment | Aleutian Low Pressure System Strength |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Physical Environment | Aleutian Low Pressure System Location |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Physical Environment | Sea Ice Extent |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Physical Environment | Sea Ice Thickness |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Physical Environment | Sea Surface Temperature (SST) |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Physical Environment | Bottom Temperature |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Physical Environment | Cold Pool Extent (<2°C) |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Physical Environment | Cold Pool Extent (<0°C) |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Physical Environment | Surface Wind Speed and Direction |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Physical Environment | Along-shelf Wind Component |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Physical Environment | Cross-shelf Wind Component |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Habitat | Sponge Biomass |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Habitat | Sea Anemone Biomass |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Habitat | Sea Pen Biomass |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Primary Production | St. Paul Island Chlorophyll-a |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Primary Production | Mooring M2 Chlorophyll-a |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Primary Production | Proportion of Open Water Blooms |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Primary Production | Spring Bloom Timing |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Zooplankton | Large Copepod Abundance (Calanus spp.) |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Zooplankton | Small Copepod Abundance |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Zooplankton | Large Copepod Lipid Content |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Zooplankton | Euphausiid Biomass |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Zooplankton | Euphausiid Lipid Content |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Zooplankton | Continuous Plankton Recorder Indices |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Jellyfish | Jellyfish Surface Trawl CPUE |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Jellyfish | Jellyfish Bottom Trawl Biomass |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Ichthyoplankton | Walleye Pollock Larval Abundance |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Ichthyoplankton | Pacific Cod Larval Abundance |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Ichthyoplankton | Northern Rock Sole Larval Abundance |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Ichthyoplankton | Southern Rock Sole Larval Abundance |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Ichthyoplankton | Rockfish Larval Abundance |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Ichthyoplankton | Walleye Pollock Larval Condition |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Forage Fish | Age-0 Pollock Surface Trawl CPUE |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Forage Fish | Age-0 Pollock Vertical Distribution |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Forage Fish | Age-0 Pollock Weight |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Forage Fish | Age-0 Pollock Energy Density |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Forage Fish | Age-0 Pollock Lipid Content |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Forage Fish | Pacific Herring Surface Trawl CPUE |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Forage Fish | Togiak Herring Biomass |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Forage Fish | Capelin Surface Trawl CPUE |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Forage Fish | Pelagic Forage Fish Biomass |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Forage Fish | Forage Fish DSEM Linkages |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Salmon | Juvenile Sockeye Salmon Abundance |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Salmon | Juvenile Chinook Salmon Abundance (NBS) |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Salmon | Juvenile Chum Salmon Abundance (NBS) |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Salmon | Juvenile Salmon Energy Density (SEBS) |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Salmon | Juvenile Salmon Energy Density (NBS) |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Salmon | Bristol Bay Sockeye Salmon Run Size |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Salmon | Commercial Salmon Catch (Bering Sea) |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Groundfish | Walleye Pollock Condition (length-weight) |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Groundfish | Pacific Cod Condition (length-weight) |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Groundfish | Arrowtooth Flounder Condition |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Groundfish | Yellowfin Sole Condition |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Groundfish | Flathead Sole Condition |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Groundfish | Northern Rock Sole Condition |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Groundfish | Alaska Plaice Condition |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Groundfish | Walleye Pollock Diet Composition |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Groundfish | Pacific Cod Diet Composition |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Groundfish | Pacific Cod Snow Crab Consumption |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Groundfish | Groundfish Thermal Experience |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Groundfish | Groundfish Diet Energy Density |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Groundfish | Groundfish Consumption Rate |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Groundfish | Groundfish Scope for Growth |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Groundfish | Age-1 Natural Mortality (CEATTLE) |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Groundfish | Predation Mortality |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Recruitment Predictions | Temperature Change Index |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Recruitment Predictions | Surface Silicic Acid |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Benthic Communities | Eelpout Biomass |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Benthic Communities | Poacher Biomass |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Benthic Communities | Sea Star Biomass |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Benthic Communities | Bristol Bay Red King Crab Biomass |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Benthic Communities | Pribilof Island Blue King Crab Biomass |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Benthic Communities | St. Matthew Blue King Crab Biomass |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Benthic Communities | Snow Crab Biomass |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Benthic Communities | Tanner Crab Biomass |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Seabirds | Common Murre Reproductive Success |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Seabirds | Thick-billed Murre Reproductive Success |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Seabirds | Black-legged Kittiwake Reproductive Success |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Seabirds | Red-legged Kittiwake Reproductive Success |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Seabirds | Least Auklet Reproductive Success |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Seabirds | Red-faced Cormorant Reproductive Success |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Seabirds | Multivariate Seabird Breeding Index |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Seabirds | Beached Bird Abundance |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Marine Mammals | Marine Mammal Stranding Events |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Ecosystem Indicators | Mean Lifespan of Fish Community |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Ecosystem Indicators | Mean Length of Fish Community |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Ecosystem Indicators | Stability of Fish Biomass |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Ecosystem Indicators | Borealization Index |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Foraging Guilds | Motile Epifauna Biomass |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Foraging Guilds | Benthic Forager Biomass |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Foraging Guilds | Pelagic Forager Biomass |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Foraging Guilds | Apex Predator Biomass |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Emerging Stressors | Bottom Water pH |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Emerging Stressors | Aragonite Saturation State |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Emerging Stressors | Alexandrium Cell Concentration |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Emerging Stressors | Paralytic Shellfish Toxin (Saxitoxin) |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Emerging Stressors | Domoic Acid Concentration |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Discards & Bycatch | Non-target Invertebrate Catch |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Discards & Bycatch | Seabird Bycatch Estimates |
Eastern Bering Sea | 2024 | Sustainability | Fish Stock Sustainability Index (FSSI) |
Region | Year | Section | Indicator |
|---|---|---|---|
Gulf | 2017 | Climate Drivers | Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) |
Gulf | 2017 | Climate Drivers | Sea Surface Temperature (SST) |
Gulf | 2017 | Climate Drivers | Sea Level Rise |
Gulf | 2017 | Physical and Chemical Pressures | Eutrophication (Nutrient Loading) |
Gulf | 2017 | Physical and Chemical Pressures | Hypoxia (Bottom Dissolved Oxygen) |
Gulf | 2017 | Physical and Chemical Pressures | Ocean Acidification (pH) |
Gulf | 2017 | Habitat State | Areal Extent of Estuarine Habitats (Seagrass) |
Gulf | 2017 | Habitat State | Artificial Structures (Reefs and Platforms) |
Gulf | 2017 | Habitat State | Wetland Land Use and Land Cover |
Gulf | 2017 | Lower Trophic States | Net Primary Productivity (NPP) |
Gulf | 2017 | Lower Trophic States | Zooplankton Biomass |
Gulf | 2017 | Lower Trophic States | Forage Fish Abundance (Menhaden) |
Gulf | 2017 | Upper Trophic States | Upper Trophic Level Biodiversity (Species Richness) |
Gulf | 2017 | Upper Trophic States | Mean Trophic Level |
Gulf | 2017 | Upper Trophic States | Overfishing Status |
Gulf | 2017 | Ecosystem Services | Abundance of Economically Important Species |
Gulf | 2017 | Ecosystem Services | Bird Abundance (5 waterbird species) |
Gulf | 2017 | Human Dimensions | Human Population |
Gulf | 2017 | Human Dimensions | Population Density |
Gulf | 2017 | Human Dimensions | Coastal Urban Land Use |
Gulf | 2017 | Human Dimensions | Total Ocean Economy (Employment) |
Gulf | 2017 | Human Dimensions | Total Ocean Economy (GDP) |
Gulf | 2017 | Human Dimensions | Commercial Landings |
Gulf | 2017 | Human Dimensions | Commercial Revenues |
Gulf | 2017 | Human Dimensions | Social Connectedness |
Gulf | 2017 | Human Dimensions | Commercial Fishing Engagement |
Gulf | 2017 | Human Dimensions | Commercial Fishing Reliance |
Gulf | 2017 | Human Dimensions | Recreational Fishing Engagement |
Gulf | 2017 | Human Dimensions | Recreational Fishing Effort |
Region | Year | Section | Indicator |
|---|---|---|---|
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Physical Environment - Climate | State of the North Pacific Ocean |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Physical Environment - Climate | Wintertime Aleutian Low Index |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Physical Environment - Climate | Seasonal Projections (NMME) |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Physical Environment - Climate | Predicted Ocean Temperatures (Sitka Air Temperature) |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Physical Environment - Ocean Temperature | Long-term SST trends (1900-2024) |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Physical Environment - Ocean Temperature | Satellite-derived SST |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Physical Environment - Ocean Temperature | Survey-based temperatures (surface and depth) |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Physical Environment - Ocean Temperature | Marine Heatwave Status |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Physical Environment - Ocean Transport | Eddy Kinetic Energy |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Physical Environment - Ocean Transport | Papa Trajectory Index |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Physical Environment - Ocean Transport | Northern GOA Oscillation/Downwelling Index |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Physical Environment - Ocean Transport | Coastal Wind Patterns (April-May) |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Habitat | Ocean Acidification (pH levels) |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Habitat | Dissolved Oxygen |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Primary Production | Satellite Chlorophyll-a |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Primary Production | Seward Line Phytoplankton Size Index |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Primary Production | GAK1 Mooring Oceanography |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Zooplankton | Continuous Plankton Recorder |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Zooplankton | Copepod Biomass and Community Size |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Zooplankton | Euphausiid Biomass (Seward Line) |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Zooplankton | Zooplankton Density (Icy Strait) |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Zooplankton | Zooplankton Lipid Content |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Forage Fish | Larval Fish Abundance |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Forage Fish | Age-0 Pollock Body Condition |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Forage Fish | Seabird Diet Composition |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Forage Fish | Capelin Abundance Indices |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Forage Fish | Herring Biomass (SE Alaska) |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Forage Fish | Eulachon Returns |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Salmon | Commercial Salmon Catch |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Salmon | Juvenile Salmon Abundance/Condition (Icy Strait) |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Salmon | Auke Creek Salmon Survival |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Groundfish | Groundfish Body Condition |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Groundfish | ADF&G Trawl Survey |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Groundfish | Predation Mortality (CEATTLE model) |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Groundfish | Survey Biomass Trends |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Groundfish | Environmental Conditions Experienced by Groundfish |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Groundfish | Groundfish Diets |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Benthic Communities | Motile Epifauna Biomass |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Benthic Communities | Structural Epifauna |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Seabirds | Seabird Breeding Timing |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Seabirds | Seabird Reproductive Success |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Seabirds | Seabird Mortality Events |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Seabirds | Seabird At-sea Distribution (Seward Line) |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Marine Mammals | Humpback Whale Calving (Glacier Bay/Icy Strait) |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Marine Mammals | Marine Mammal Strandings |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Marine Mammals | Steller Sea Lion Population Trends |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Prince William Sound | Intertidal Temperature |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Prince William Sound | Intertidal Communities (mussels, rockweed, sea stars) |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Prince William Sound | Prince William Sound Herring Biomass |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Prince William Sound | Humpback Whale Fall Surveys (PWS) |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Fishing Indicators | Groundfish Discards |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Fishing Indicators | Non-target Species Catch |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Fishing Indicators | Seabird Bycatch |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Habitat Quality | Fishing Effects on Essential Fish Habitat |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Sustainability | Fish Stock Sustainability Index (FSSI) |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Sustainability | Surplus Production/Exploitation Rate |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Disease & Toxins | Harmful Algal Blooms (PSP toxins) |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Disease & Toxins | Mushy Halibut Syndrome Occurrence |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Ecosystem Community Indicators | Foraging Guild Biomass |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Ecosystem Community Indicators | Community Stability |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Ecosystem Community Indicators | Mean Length/Lifespan of Fish Community |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Ecosystem Community Indicators | Species Richness/Diversity |
Gulf of Alaska | 2024 | Citizen Science | Skipper Science Observations |
Region | Year | Section | Indicator |
|---|---|---|---|
Hawaii | 2022 | Human Connections | Population density and growth |
Hawaii | 2022 | Human Connections | Resource use participation rates |
Hawaii | 2022 | Human Connections | Awareness of threats |
Hawaii | 2022 | Human Connections | Perceptions of ecosystem status and trends |
Hawaii | 2022 | Small Boat Commercial Fishers | Fishing Engagement Index (FEI) |
Hawaii | 2022 | Small Boat Commercial Fishers | Regional Quotient for revenue |
Hawaii | 2022 | Small Boat Commercial Fishers | Total catch by fishery |
Hawaii | 2022 | Small Boat Commercial Fishers | Catch per trip |
Hawaii | 2022 | Small Boat Commercial Fishers | Spatial distribution of catch |
Hawaii | 2022 | Coral Reefs and Reef Fish | Hard coral cover (%) |
Hawaii | 2022 | Coral Reefs and Reef Fish | Calcifiers cover (%) |
Hawaii | 2022 | Coral Reefs and Reef Fish | Reef-builder ratio |
Hawaii | 2022 | Coral Reefs and Reef Fish | Total fish biomass (kg/ha) |
Hawaii | 2022 | Coral Reefs and Reef Fish | Herbivore biomass (kg/ha) |
Hawaii | 2022 | Coral Reefs and Reef Fish | Resource fish biomass (kg/ha) |
Hawaii | 2022 | Climate and Ocean | El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) index |
Hawaii | 2022 | Climate and Ocean | Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) index |
Hawaii | 2022 | Climate and Ocean | Annual rainfall and peak events (mm) |
Hawaii | 2022 | Climate and Ocean | Brown water advisories (count/year) |
Hawaii | 2022 | Climate and Ocean | Sea level rise (m) |
Hawaii | 2022 | Climate and Ocean | Sea surface temperature (°C) |
Hawaii | 2022 | Human Impacts | Cumulative impact scores |
Hawaii | 2022 | Human Impacts | Individual stressor intensities |
Hawaii | 2022 | Vulnerability of Coral Reefs to Climate Change | Projected timing of annual severe bleaching (year) |
Hawaii | 2022 | Vulnerability of Coral Reefs to Climate Change | Climate vulnerability scores |
Hawaii | 2022 | Vulnerability of Coral Reefs to Climate Change | Reef resilience assessments |
Region | Year | Section | Indicator |
|---|---|---|---|
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Seafood Production | Total commercial landings |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Seafood Production | Total U.S. seafood landings |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Seafood Production | MAFMC managed U.S. seafood landings |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Seafood Production | Landings by feeding guild |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Seafood Production | Total Community Climate Vulnerability of landings |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Seafood Production | Recreational harvest |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Seafood Production | Recreational shark landings |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Seafood Production | Stock status (F/Fmsy, B/Bmsy) |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Seafood Production | Survey biomass by feeding guild |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Commercial Profits | Total revenue |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Commercial Profits | MAFMC managed species revenue |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Commercial Profits | Bennet Indicator (price vs volume) |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Commercial Profits | Revenue by feeding guild |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Commercial Profits | Total Community Climate Vulnerability of revenue |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Recreational Opportunities | Angler trips (recreational effort) |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Recreational Opportunities | Recreational fleet diversity |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Stability | Commercial fleet count |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Stability | Commercial fleet revenue diversity |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Stability | Commercial species revenue diversity |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Stability | Recreational species catch diversity |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Stability | Total annual primary production |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Stability | Zooplankton diversity (Shannon Index) |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Stability | Adult fish diversity (expected number of species) |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Stability | Fish community functional traits |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Community Social and Climate Vulnerability | Commercial fishing engagement |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Community Social and Climate Vulnerability | Commercial fishing per capita engagement |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Community Social and Climate Vulnerability | Social vulnerability indices |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Community Social and Climate Vulnerability | Recreational fishing engagement |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Community Social and Climate Vulnerability | Recreational per capita engagement |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Community Social and Climate Vulnerability | Community total climate vulnerability of revenue |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Protected Species | Harbor porpoise bycatch |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Protected Species | Gray seal bycatch |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Protected Species | North Atlantic Right Whale abundance |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Protected Species | North Atlantic Right Whale calf counts |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Protected Species | Gray seal pup births |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Protected Species | Unusual Mortality Events |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Spatially | Fish distribution shifts (center of gravity) |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Spatially | Marine mammal distribution shifts |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Spatially | Forage fish distribution shifts |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Spatially | Small copepod distribution |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Spatially | Large copepod distribution |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Spatially | Macrobenthos distribution |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Spatially | Sea surface temperature |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Spatially | Gulf Stream position |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Spatially | Cold Pool temperature and extent |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Seasonally | Spawning timing shifts (haddock, yellowtail flounder) |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Seasonally | HMS and whale migration timing changes |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Seasonally | Ocean summer length |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Seasonally | Cold Pool persistence |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Seasonally | Phytoplankton bloom timing |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Fish productivity (small per large fish) |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Fish productivity (recruitment per SSB) |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Fish condition |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Forage fish energy density |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Forage fish biomass index |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Macrobenthos biomass |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Megabenthos biomass |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Primary production |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Zooplankton biomass (large copepods) |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Zooplankton biomass (small copepods) |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Zooplankton biomass (Euphausiids) |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Temperature extremes |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Marine heatwaves |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Ocean acidification (aragonite saturation) |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Predator populations (sharks, seals) |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Offshore Wind Risks | Development timeline and lease areas |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Offshore Wind Risks | MAFMC fishery revenue from lease areas |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Offshore Wind Risks | MAFMC fishery landings from lease areas |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Offshore Wind Risks | Port-level revenue from lease areas |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Offshore Wind Risks | Community social vulnerability in wind areas |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Offshore Wind Risks | Right whale habitat overlap |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | Offshore Wind Risks | Survey area overlap |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | 2024 Highlights | Labrador Slope Water influx |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | 2024 Highlights | Gulf Stream position anomaly |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | 2024 Highlights | Species migration delays |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | 2024 Highlights | Species redistribution |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | 2024 Highlights | Chesapeake Bay conditions |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | 2024 Highlights | Upwelling events New Jersey coast |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | 2024 Highlights | Coccolithophore bloom south of Long Island |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | 2024 Highlights | Whale aggregations Hudson Canyon |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | 2024 Highlights | Ocean acidification extremes Mid-Atlantic |
Mid-Atlantic | 2025 | 2024 Highlights | Scallop recruitment variability |
Region | Year | Section | Indicator |
|---|---|---|---|
New England | 2025 | Seafood Production | Total commercial landings |
New England | 2025 | Seafood Production | Total U.S. seafood landings |
New England | 2025 | Seafood Production | NEFMC managed seafood landings |
New England | 2025 | Seafood Production | Landings by feeding guild |
New England | 2025 | Seafood Production | Total Community Climate Vulnerability of landings |
New England | 2025 | Seafood Production | Recreational harvest |
New England | 2025 | Seafood Production | Recreational shark landings |
New England | 2025 | Seafood Production | Stock status (F/Fmsy, B/Bmsy) |
New England | 2025 | Seafood Production | Survey biomass by feeding guild |
New England | 2025 | Commercial Profits | Total revenue |
New England | 2025 | Commercial Profits | NEFMC managed species revenue |
New England | 2025 | Commercial Profits | Bennet Indicator (price vs volume) |
New England | 2025 | Commercial Profits | Revenue by feeding guild |
New England | 2025 | Commercial Profits | Total Community Climate Vulnerability of revenue |
New England | 2025 | Recreational Opportunities | Angler trips (recreational effort) |
New England | 2025 | Recreational Opportunities | Recreational fleet diversity |
New England | 2025 | Stability | Commercial fleet count |
New England | 2025 | Stability | Commercial species revenue diversity |
New England | 2025 | Stability | Recreational species catch diversity |
New England | 2025 | Stability | Total annual primary production |
New England | 2025 | Stability | Zooplankton diversity (Shannon Index) |
New England | 2025 | Stability | Adult fish diversity (expected number of species) |
New England | 2025 | Stability | Fish community functional traits - fecundity |
New England | 2025 | Stability | Fish community functional traits - pace of life |
New England | 2025 | Community Social and Climate Vulnerability | Commercial fishing engagement |
New England | 2025 | Community Social and Climate Vulnerability | Commercial fishing per capita engagement |
New England | 2025 | Community Social and Climate Vulnerability | Social vulnerability indices |
New England | 2025 | Community Social and Climate Vulnerability | Recreational fishing engagement |
New England | 2025 | Community Social and Climate Vulnerability | Recreational per capita engagement |
New England | 2025 | Community Social and Climate Vulnerability | Community total climate vulnerability of revenue |
New England | 2025 | Protected Species | Harbor porpoise bycatch |
New England | 2025 | Protected Species | Gray seal bycatch |
New England | 2025 | Protected Species | North Atlantic Right Whale abundance |
New England | 2025 | Protected Species | North Atlantic Right Whale calf counts |
New England | 2025 | Protected Species | Gray seal pup births |
New England | 2025 | Protected Species | Unusual Mortality Events |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Spatially | Fish distribution shifts (center of gravity) |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Spatially | Marine mammal distribution shifts |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Spatially | Forage fish distribution shifts |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Spatially | Small copepod distribution |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Spatially | Calanus finmarchicus distribution |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Spatially | Macrobenthos distribution |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Spatially | Sea surface temperature |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Spatially | Gulf Stream position |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Seasonally | Spawning timing shifts |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Seasonally | HMS and whale migration timing changes |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Seasonally | Ocean summer length |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Seasonally | Cold Pool persistence |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Seasonally | Phytoplankton bloom timing |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Managing Seasonally | Spawning-environment relationships |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Fish productivity (small per large fish) |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Fish productivity (recruitment per SSB) |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Common tern productivity |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Atlantic salmon return rates |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Fish condition |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Forage fish energy density |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Forage fish biomass |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Macrobenthos biomass |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Megabenthos biomass |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Zooplankton biomass and composition |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Calanus finmarchicus abundance |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Temperature extremes and marine heatwaves |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Ocean acidification |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Hypoxia |
New England | 2025 | Climate Risks - Setting Catch Limits | Predator populations (gray seals, HMS) |
New England | 2025 | Offshore Wind Risks | Development timeline and lease areas |
New England | 2025 | Offshore Wind Risks | NEFMC fishery revenue from lease areas |
New England | 2025 | Offshore Wind Risks | NEFMC fishery landings from lease areas |
New England | 2025 | Offshore Wind Risks | Port-level revenue from lease areas |
New England | 2025 | Offshore Wind Risks | Community social vulnerability in wind areas |
New England | 2025 | Offshore Wind Risks | Right whale habitat overlap |
New England | 2025 | Offshore Wind Risks | Survey area overlap |
New England | 2025 | 2024 Highlights | Labrador Slope Water influx |
New England | 2025 | 2024 Highlights | Gulf Stream position anomaly |
New England | 2025 | 2024 Highlights | Arctic Calanus presence |
New England | 2025 | 2024 Highlights | Species migration delays |
New England | 2025 | 2024 Highlights | Species redistribution |
New England | 2025 | 2024 Highlights | Chesapeake Bay conditions |
New England | 2025 | 2024 Highlights | Upwelling events and unusual blooms |
New England | 2025 | 2024 Highlights | Whale aggregations |
New England | 2025 | 2024 Highlights | Ocean acidification extremes |
New England | 2025 | 2024 Highlights | Scallop recruitment variability |
Region | Year | Section | Indicator |
|---|---|---|---|
South Atlantic | 2021 | Climate Drivers | Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Climate Drivers | North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Climate Drivers | El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Climate Drivers | North Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature Tripole |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Climate Drivers | Atlantic Warm Pool (AWP) |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Physical and Chemical Pressures | Sea surface temperature |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Physical and Chemical Pressures | Bottom temperature |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Physical and Chemical Pressures | Decadal temperature |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Physical and Chemical Pressures | Florida Current transport |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Physical and Chemical Pressures | Gulf Stream position |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Physical and Chemical Pressures | Upwelling |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Physical and Chemical Pressures | Coastal salinity |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Physical and Chemical Pressures | Stream flow |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Physical and Chemical Pressures | Nutrient loading |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Physical and Chemical Pressures | Precipitation and drought |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Physical and Chemical Pressures | Sea level rise |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Physical and Chemical Pressures | Storms and hurricanes |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Physical and Chemical Pressures | Ocean acidification |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Habitat States | Wetlands and forests |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Habitat States | Submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Habitat States | Oyster reefs |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Habitat States | Coral demographics |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Habitat States | Coral bleaching |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Lower Trophic Level States | Primary productivity |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Lower Trophic Level States | Zooplankton |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Lower Trophic Level States | Ichthyoplankton diversity and abundance |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Lower Trophic Level States | Forage fish abundance |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Upper Trophic Level States | Nearshore demersal fish diversity and abundance |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Upper Trophic Level States | Offshore hard bottom fish diversity and abundance |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Upper Trophic Level States | Coastal shark diversity and abundance |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Upper Trophic Level States | Coral reef fish diversity and abundance |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Upper Trophic Level States | Mean trophic level |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Upper Trophic Level States | Life history parameters |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Ecosystem Services | Biomass of economically important species |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Ecosystem Services | Recruitment of economically important species |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Ecosystem Services | Commercial landings and revenue |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Ecosystem Services | Recreational landings and effort |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Ecosystem Services | Estuarine shrimp, crab, and oyster landings |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Ecosystem Services | Status of federally managed stocks |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Ecosystem Services | Marine bird abundance |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Ecosystem Services | Marine mammal strandings |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Ecosystem Services | Sea turtle nest counts |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Human Dimensions | Human population |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Human Dimensions | Coastal and urban land use |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Human Dimensions | Total ocean economy |
South Atlantic | 2021 | Human Dimensions | Social connectedness |
Here I include the ESR text summaries generated by Claude 4.5 and checked for accuracy.
Summary The 2024 Aleutian Islands Ecosystem Status Report reveals a gradient of ecosystem conditions from poor productivity in the west to high productivity in the east. Despite overall relaxation of multi-year warm conditions and a low abundance year in the biennial Kamchatka pink salmon cycle, groundfish condition remained poor across the ecosystem—unusual for a cooler year with fewer pink salmon. Winter sea surface temperatures were among the ten warmest on record, though strong winds and storminess during 2023-2024 contributed to cooler conditions during late spring and summer, with a deeper mixed layer that may have impacted prey availability. Regional Conditions: In the Western Aleutians, sustained high winter temperatures resulted in moderate marine heatwaves, with over 75% of the region experiencing heatwave status in late summer. Planktivorous auklets at Buldir Island experienced particularly poor reproductive success, with three species showing extremely late hatch dates and below-average breeding success, suggesting limited zooplankton availability. Steller sea lion numbers continue declining (-5.7% for non-pups, 2008-2023) with no signs of recovery. Pelagic forager biomass increased slightly (6%), driven by northern rockfish and pollock, while apex predator biomass declined 16%, driven by Pacific cod and arrowtooth flounder decreases. The Central Aleutians experienced shorter marine heatwaves with near-average spring temperatures and no summer heatwave. Pelagic forager biomass decreased 13%, driven by Atka mackerel declines, while apex predator biomass increased 7%. Steller sea lion non-pup counts were statistically stable overall, though the two westernmost rookery areas declined while eastern areas remained stable. School enrollment continued declining, with Adak’s school closing in 2023 after the fish processing plant closed in 2020. In the Eastern Aleutians, marine heatwaves were brief with no summer occurrence. Seabird reproductive success was average to above-average across all monitored species, indicating uniformly high prey availability. Tufted puffin chicks were fed primarily capelin (50%) and pollock (34%), suggesting potentially good pollock recruitment. Apex predator biomass decreased 24%, driven by arrowtooth flounder declines. In contrast to other regions, Steller sea lion non-pup and pup counts continue increasing significantly (2.1% and 1.5% from 2008-2023), offsetting declines elsewhere. Key Concerns: Fish condition deteriorated across most species despite cooler temperatures, particularly for Pacific cod, northern rockfish, and Pacific ocean perch, which have been below long-term means since 2012. The decline may indicate poor prey quality, low prey availability, competition, and increased metabolic rates. Eastern Kamchatka pink salmon abundance in 2024 was similar to 2022 (around 60,000 mt), close to the current total biomass estimate for Aleutian Islands Pacific cod stock. Paralytic shellfish toxins decreased significantly from 2023 but remained 7x above FDA regulatory limits, posing continued seasonal concerns for human health and food webs.
Summary The 2024-2025 California Current Ecosystem Status Report synthesizes environmental, biological, economic, and social indicators to assess ecosystem health and inform fishery management. The California Current experienced a strong El Niño during winter/spring 2023-2024 that caused widespread warmer ocean temperatures and delayed spring upwelling by approximately two weeks in the central region. However, the system rapidly transitioned to favorable upwelling conditions, though large marine heatwaves again impacted the system during summer and fall. Despite initial El Niño effects, ecological indicators reflected mixed to good marine conditions throughout most of 2024. Strong spring upwelling brought cool, productive waters supporting a diverse and productive forage community. Anchovy and juvenile groundfishes remained abundant in the Central and Southern California Current, serving as important prey for top predators. Juvenile groundfishes were also abundant in the Northern California Current. Krill abundance was near average despite El Niño conditions (typically associated with low krill), and the forage community showed high diversity. Ocean conditions for Chinook salmon returning to the Columbia Basin indicate improving returns in 2025, while California salmon stocks showed improvements toward average conditions for adults returning in 2025 and 2026. However, multiple harmful algal blooms significantly impacted marine life, shellfish fisheries, and human health throughout 2024. An unusual toxic dinoflagellate bloom caused paralytic shellfish poisoning in 44 people in Oregon, and persistent Pseudo-nitzschia blooms led to extensive fishery closures and marine mammal strandings. Seabird indicators showed mixed results. Fledgling production decreased at northern colonies but remained near average in central California, except for Brandt’s cormorant which experienced well-below-average productivity. Cassin’s auklet mortality events occurred in early 2024, and brown pelicans experienced die-offs likely due to limited local prey availability or increased competition. California sea lion pup counts declined in 2024, potentially due to El Niño conditions and domoic acid exposure from harmful algal blooms. Whale entanglements remained elevated, with habitat compression and nearshore anchovy concentrations drawing whales closer to fishing gear. Human wellbeing indicators revealed concerning trends. Washington and Oregon experienced shifts in key commercial fishing communities, generally reflecting reductions in fishing diversity and participation. Social vulnerability increased for most Oregon and Washington commercial and recreational fishing communities in 2022, potentially reducing resilience to ecological impacts. Coastwide revenue diversification decreased by 5% in 2023 to the lowest level since 1981, though revenue concentrations increased in specific fisheries including Salmon, Coastal Pelagic Species, and Groundfish. Fisheries participation networks showed that most port groups experienced reductions in the number of fisheries vessels participate in, with some ports also showing less connectivity between fisheries. This potentially reduces fisher resilience to environmental and market pressures. Total coastwide commercial landings declined 12% in 2024, largely due to a 31% decrease in Pacific whiting landings, though revenues increased slightly by 3%. The report concludes that while the system showed resilience to El Niño and marine heatwaves through productive upwelling, multiple stressors including harmful algal blooms, social vulnerability, and reduced fleet diversity pose significant challenges for West Coast fishing communities and ecosystem health.
Summary The Caribbean Ecosystem Status Report (April 2025) synthesizes diverse information sources to support ecosystem-based fisheries management in Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. The report tracks progress toward fishery management objectives while identifying risks that could impact these goals. The report organizes indicators into two main categories: tracking performance toward management objectives and potential risks to meeting those objectives. Management objectives include food production, socioeconomic health, equity, engagement and participation, bycatch reduction, governance, and ecosystem protection. Key findings reveal mixed trends across the region. For food production, fishery-independent surveys show that most economically important fish species maintain at or above average densities, though stoplight parrotfish have declined in St. Croix. Commercial landings have decreased significantly since 2010, particularly for finfish, coinciding with implementation of annual catch limits. Lobster landings have increased in Puerto Rico but decreased in St. Croix. Socioeconomically, the region shows varying patterns. Puerto Rico’s economy has expanded while the USVI experienced GDP decline from 2007-2014 before recovering. Commercial fishing effort has declined across all islands, though the proportion of diving trips has increased in Puerto Rico and St. Croix. Revenue distribution shows high consolidation, with the Gini index suggesting inequality in fishing income distribution. Major environmental risks have intensified. Sea surface temperatures have increased by 0.25°C per decade, with 2024 experiencing an unprecedented coral bleaching event. Ocean acidification continues to decline, approaching levels that stress coral calcification. Hurricane activity peaked dramatically in 2017 with Hurricanes Irma and Maria, causing severe ecosystem and economic disruption. Coral cover has declined significantly over 25 years, with major drops during bleaching events in 2005 and 2019. Water quality concerns are rising, with enterococcus bacteria counts increasing substantially since 2020. Sargassum inundation, largely absent before 2011, has become increasingly prevalent with major events in 2018 and 2021. Coastal development continues to expand impervious surfaces, particularly around San Juan. The report identifies critical data gaps, including limited recreational catch monitoring, uncertainties in commercial landings due to reporting changes and suspected underreporting, and lack of standardized monitoring for marine debris and certain pollution impacts. Changes in reporting methods, particularly the 2020 introduction of electronic reporting in Puerto Rico, complicate trend interpretation. Multivariate analysis reveals that indicators underwent rapid changes during 2017-2021, driven by major stressors including hurricanes and the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting destabilizing impacts on the Caribbean fishery ecosystem. The report emphasizes the need for improved monitoring, particularly for human dimensions, recreational fisheries, and local ecological knowledge. It recommends continued development of fishery-independent surveys and better integration of social indicators to capture cultural significance and community resilience beyond monetary metrics.
Summary The 2024 Eastern Bering Sea (EBS) Ecosystem Status Report documents the transition from a prolonged warm period (2014-2021) to more average thermal conditions since 2021. The report synthesizes physical, biological, and socioeconomic indicators to inform fisheries management decisions by the North Pacific Fishery Management Council. Physical oceanographic conditions in 2024 were generally near historical averages. Sea ice extent reached near-normal levels despite delayed formation in fall 2023, and the cold pool extent was slightly below average at 156,800 km². Sea surface temperatures remained cooler through summer due to persistent storms that deepened the mixed layer. The Aleutian Low Pressure System’s strength and location were near climatological averages during winter 2023-2024. Biological responses to these conditions were mixed. Chlorophyll-a concentrations at St. Paul Island in summer 2024 were among the highest on record, and an early fall bloom occurred in September. However, large copepod abundance remained below the time series mean, and euphausiid density declined to the second-lowest value recorded. Age-0 pollock abundance was low in the middle domain, though spring larval pollock abundance was the highest in years sampled. Groundfish condition showed varied trends. Large walleye pollock (>250 mm) condition increased from 2023 but remained negative, while small pollock (100-250 mm) condition declined. Yellowfin sole and arrowtooth flounder showed improved condition, while northern rock sole declined. The biomass of motile epifauna (including crabs and echinoderms) remained above the long-term mean, driven by increases in tanner and snow crab, though king crabs remained below average. Seabird reproductive success at the Pribilof Islands was mixed, with generally better outcomes on St. George Island than St. Paul Island. The multivariate seabird breeding index was slightly below average in 2024. No major seabird die-off events occurred. The Northern Bering Sea showed signs of recovery from the warm period, with above-average sea ice extent and increased ice thickness since 2021. Large copepod abundance returned to near the time series mean, and their lipid content was significantly higher than in 2023. Juvenile chum salmon abundance reached a record high, though condition decreased from positive to average. Looking forward, the National Multi-Model Ensemble projects near-normal sea surface temperature anomalies (within 0.25°C of normal) through spring 2025 as the system transitions to La Niña conditions. The report emphasizes that while thermal conditions have cooled to average, they have not returned to the cold conditions that historically favored large, lipid-rich copepods and euphausiids, partially explaining the lag in biological responses.
Summary This 2017 Gulf of Mexico Ecosystem Status Report provides a comprehensive assessment of the ecosystem to support ecosystem-based management. The report examines trends across physical, biological, and socioeconomic components using refined indicators from the original 2013 report. Key Findings: Climate Drivers: The Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), which increased consistently from the 1980s to 2010, has begun slightly declining in recent years but remains in its positive phase. This climate mode influences temperature, precipitation, Loop Current strength, and hypoxia development, and has been identified as a major driver of ecosystem-wide reorganization in the mid-1990s. Increasing Pressures: Sea surface temperature and sea level rise are increasing at accelerating rates in some areas. Ocean acidification continues to increase with rising atmospheric CO₂. Hypoxia has become more severe off Texas but less severe off Louisiana. Total nutrient inputs from major rivers have generally declined, though patterns vary by location. Habitat Changes: Natural habitat coverage (seagrasses, wetlands) is generally declining, with approximately 1,000 square miles of wetlands lost between 1996-2010, primarily in coastal Louisiana. Conversely, artificial structures (artificial reefs, oil platforms) have increased dramatically, with artificial reefs now exceeding oil platforms six-fold. Biological States: Primary productivity and zooplankton biovolume are highly variable but generally stable over time, with slight recent increases in productivity. Menhaden biomass has increased substantially due to reduced fishing pressure from market forces. Species diversity indices show slight declining trends, with marked changes in Louisiana waters after 2005 related to declining shrimping effort. Fisheries and Stocks: Mean trophic level of commercial catch has remained stable in recent years. Nearly all assessed species are at or above mean biomass levels over the last three decades. The proportion of stocks undergoing overfishing is at an all-time low (less than 5%), though about one-fifth of stocks remain in overfished status despite reduced fishing pressure. Ecosystem Services: Commercial landings and revenues, which had been declining, have increased in recent years (since 2010). Ocean economy employment and GDP have also increased and stabilized. Recreational fishing effort has substantially increased after decreasing from 1980-2010. Bird populations (brown pelican, white ibis, wood stork, roseate spoonbill, magnificent frigatebird) show general increases since the 1990s-2000s. Human Dimensions: Coastal population reached 24.4 million in 2010, with continued growth concentrated in urban centers like Houston and Tampa. Urban land cover increased over 15% between 1996-2010, with much higher rates in specific areas (80%+ in Harris County, TX). Social connectedness shows slight decline over time, varying considerably by county. Synthesis: The mid-1990s ecosystem reorganization coinciding with the AMO phase shift is evident across multiple indicators. Recent trends (2011-2016) show accelerating rates of change for several physical drivers (temperature, sea level rise) while biological states remain relatively stable. Both commercial and recreational fishery indicators show recent positive trends, suggesting recovery from earlier declines. The report emphasizes that indicators at Gulf-wide scales may mask important regional variation requiring finer-scale analysis. The report identifies critical data gaps for protected species (corals, sea turtles, marine mammals), zooplankton species composition, estuarine habitat monitoring, and integration between ecological and human dimensions indicators.
Summary The 2024 Gulf of Alaska (GOA) Ecosystem Status Report provides a comprehensive assessment of marine ecosystem conditions to inform fishery management decisions. The GOA experienced moderate El Niño conditions during winter/spring 2023-2024, which brought warmer surface waters but had more moderate impacts than initially predicted due to its short duration, a weaker Aleutian Low, and eastward winds that tempered increased circulation. The ecosystem showed signs of improved productivity compared to 2023. Spring conditions supported high energy transfer through the food web, with diatom-dominated phytoplankton communities and above-average spring zooplankton biomass (particularly euphausiids). This provided good prey resources for zooplankton-eating groundfish and resulted in above-average reproductive success for planktivorous seabirds across the GOA. Forage fish populations varied but were generally average to above average. Notably, capelin populations continued rebounding from their 2014-2016 marine heatwave decline for the second consecutive year, benefiting seabirds, marine mammals, and piscivorous groundfish. Herring maintained relatively high populations due to strong 2016 and 2020 year classes. However, eulachon, sand lance, and juvenile salmon showed lower abundance. A significant concern was the unexpectedly low pink salmon returns in 2024, particularly in Prince William Sound, representing some of the lowest commercial landings since 1985. Potential causes include reduced early marine survival in 2023 due to low zooplankton biomass and poor offshore survival conditions. Marine heatwave conditions were less severe than recent years, with the eastern GOA experiencing prolonged winter/spring marine heatwaves while the western GOA remained mostly below the heatwave threshold. Long-term trends show continued warming of GOA surface temperatures since 1900, primarily driven by summer warming. Community dynamics reflect both short-term responses to the 2023-2024 conditions and longer-term shifts. Pacific ocean perch has replaced arrowtooth flounder as the dominant groundfish by biomass since 2017. Some populations severely impacted by the 2014-2016 marine heatwave continue recovering (capelin rebounding, humpback whale crude birth rates returning to pre-2014 levels for the first time), while others remain depressed (Pacific cod, sand lance). Seabird indicators suggested adequate to good prey availability, with reproductive success for fish-eating and plankton-eating seabirds generally above average across the GOA. No large-scale seabird mortality events were recorded. Marine mammal observations included 24 humpback whale calves in Glacier Bay/Icy Strait (the highest since monitoring began in 1985) and a crude birth rate exceeding pre-heatwave averages for the first time. Looking ahead to 2025, La Niña conditions are predicted to develop, bringing cooler sea surface temperatures. Despite this prediction, integrated water column temperatures at GAK1 are forecast to remain slightly warmer than average, reflecting delayed La Niña onset and long-term warming trends.
Summary The 2022 Hawai’i Ecosystem Status Report report assesses the health and trends of marine ecosystems across the main Hawaiian Islands (MHI) from 2010-2019, emphasizing the circular relationship between human communities and ocean environments. The population of approximately 1.5 million (20% increase since 2000) lives predominantly near the coast, with 83% within 5 km of the ocean. Tourism adds significant pressure, with 10.3 million visitors in 2019—6.7 times the resident population. Small boat commercial fisheries show concerning declines. Total catch decreased 53-68% across pelagic, Deep 7 bottomfish, and nearshore fisheries from 1990-2019, while revenues dropped 35-58% from 2000-2019. Active fishers declined 16-31% between periods, though catch-per-trip remained stable or increased, suggesting fewer but more experienced fishers remain active. Coral reef health presents a mixed picture. In 2019, 50% of surveyed sectors had relatively low coral cover, with only 32% showing high cover. Between 2010-2019, 30% of sectors experienced declining coral cover, while only one sector (north Lānaʻi) showed improvement. Fish biomass followed similar patterns, with 50% of sectors showing low biomass and minimal significant changes over time. Climate indicators reveal accelerating changes. Sea surface temperatures increased 0.15-0.25°C per decade from 1991-2020, with projections showing annual severe coral bleaching by 2048 under current emissions scenarios. Sea level has risen 0.30 meters over 120 years. Brown water advisories—indicators of pollution runoff—occur most frequently on O’ahu (approximately 60 annually). Peak rainfall events have increased at most locations except Hilo. Human impacts vary dramatically across islands. South O’ahu between Diamond Head and Pearl Harbor shows the highest cumulative impact scores, where nearly all stressors co-occur at maximum intensity. West Hawai’i also shows high impacts despite fewer stressors, due to the prevalence of highly vulnerable coral reef habitat. Key stressors include fishing pressure, wastewater pollution, and sediment input. Climate vulnerability assessments reveal significant spatial variation. Lānaʻi, Moloka’i, and Kaho’olawe have the greatest percentages (>30%) of low-vulnerability sites, while Hawai’i Island, O’ahu, and Kaua’i have the highest percentages of high-vulnerability sites (20-25%). The projected onset of annual severe bleaching ranges from 2030 to 2066 across different reefs, highlighting that some locations have decades more time to adapt than others. The report emphasizes that strong collaborations among government, academic, non-governmental organizations, and communities are essential for effective management. Research priorities include understanding fishery declines, mitigating climate impacts, reducing cumulative stressors, and expanding vulnerability assessments to support conservation planning in this changing environment.
Summary This 2025 State of the Ecosystem Report for the Mid-Atlantic provides a comprehensive assessment of ecosystem conditions to support the Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council (MAFMC). The report evaluates performance against fishery management objectives and identifies risks from climate change and offshore wind development. Key Findings: Management Objective Performance: Commercial landings reached historic lows in 2023, driven by menhaden fishery consolidation and declining MAFMC-managed species (particularly surfclams and ocean quahogs). Total revenue hit all-time lows in 2022-2023 due to both declining prices and volumes. Recreational harvest is declining despite increasing effort, with a shift toward shore-based fishing reducing fleet diversity. Stock status is generally good, with only three stocks not meeting objectives, though six have unknown status. Protected Species: Harbor porpoise and gray seal bycatch remain below thresholds, but North Atlantic Right Whales continue declining (fewer than 70 adult females remain) due to vessel strikes and entanglements. Unusual mortality events continue for three large whale species. Community Vulnerability: Four Mid-Atlantic communities rank among the most engaged in commercial and recreational fishing. Many highly engaged communities show medium-high or above social vulnerability, presenting adaptation challenges. A majority have high to very high revenue climate vulnerability. Ecosystem Stability: Multiple indicators suggest instability. While fish species richness is stable, zooplankton diversity is increasing, and biological trait changes are observed in fish communities. Commercial fleet count has declined though species revenue diversity remains stable. Recreational species catch diversity is maintained by different species over time. Climate Risks: The region faces three major climate-related management risks: 1. Spatial Management Risks: Species distributions continue shifting northeast and into deeper water, potentially causing spatial misallocation of quotas and reduced effectiveness of bycatch measures. 2. Seasonal Management Risks: Spawning and migration timing has changed for multiple species, reducing effectiveness of seasonal closures. 3. Catch Limit Risks: Fish productivity has declined since early 2000s, with mixed fish condition. Changes in environmental conditions affect stock reference points and projections. 2024 Highlights: Despite 2024 being globally the warmest year on record, the Northeast U.S. experienced cooler than average temperatures. An influx of colder, fresher northern water led to delayed migration of many species and redistribution of others. Atlantic mackerel appeared in unusual areas in higher abundance. Summer 2024 recorded the highest ocean acidification risk in the Mid-Atlantic since sampling began in 2007. Offshore Wind: Four projects were under construction in 2024, with 30 proposed through the next decade covering 2.3+ million acres. Up to 15% of maximum annual fisheries revenue for major Mid-Atlantic species occurs in lease areas. Development overlaps North Atlantic Right Whale habitat, potentially altering oceanography and prey availability while increasing vessel strike risk. Drivers: Long-term ocean warming continues (though 2024 was cooler), Gulf Stream instability is increasing, the Mid-Atlantic Cold Pool is shrinking and warming, and forage fish quality and abundance are changing. These environmental shifts interact with fishing pressure and market dynamics to affect managed species productivity and distribution. The report emphasizes that climate-driven ecosystem changes create significant uncertainty for management, requiring adaptive approaches that account for shifting distributions, changing productivity, and altered seasonal patterns.
Summary The 2025 State of the Ecosystem Report for New England evaluates performance against fishery management objectives for Georges Bank and the Gulf of Maine. Both regions face significant challenges despite some positive indicators. Seafood production shows long-term declines in New England managed species landings, currently below long-term averages in both regions. Total commercial landings are also below average, driven primarily by management actions addressing mandated rebuilding of depleted stocks. Recreational harvest remains well below long-term averages despite slight recovery from 2020 lows. Thirteen stocks are currently estimated below biomass targets, with thirteen additional stocks having unknown status, indicating stock status and associated management constraints are contributing to decreased landings. Commercial profits tell different regional stories. Georges Bank revenue remains below 1982 baseline levels throughout the time series, primarily driven by volumes before 2010 and prices thereafter. The Gulf of Maine exceeded 1982 levels in all but four years, largely due to high lobster prices and landings. However, revenue from New England managed species hit an all-time low in both regions in 2023. Both regions show moderate total climate vulnerability with no long-term trend. Stability indicators reveal concerning ecosystem changes. Commercial fleet count is declining with 2023 below long-term average, and species revenue diversity reflects reliance on relatively few species. Recreational species diversity is increasing due to southerly species increases and lower catch limits on traditional species. Fish species richness is stable on Georges Bank but increasing in Gulf of Maine, while zooplankton diversity is increasing on Georges Bank. Functional trait analysis shows long-term changes including declining fecundity in both regions, suggesting ecosystem instability. Protected species objectives are being met for harbor porpoise and gray seal bycatch, both remaining below Potential Biological Removal thresholds. However, North Atlantic Right Whales continue declining with fewer than 70 adult females remaining. The population experiences annual mortalities above recovery thresholds primarily from entanglements and vessel strikes. Unusual Mortality Events continue for three large whale species. Social and climate vulnerability varies by community. Three New England communities rank among top engaged for both commercial and recreational fishing. New Bedford and Boston, MA show medium-high vulnerability across multiple socio-demographic indicators, suggesting challenges adapting to change. Community climate risk on revenue is shifting from moderate to high/very high, indicating increased dependence on climate-vulnerable species. Climate and ecosystem risks are substantial. Species distributions continue shifting northeast and deeper. Fish productivity has declined since the early 2000s in the Gulf of Maine. Fish condition in 2024 was poor for most species in both regions. Ocean summer length is increasing, and spawning timing is shifting earlier for multiple stocks including haddock and yellowtail flounder. Offshore wind development poses significant risks. Up to 20% and 19% of annual commercial revenue and landings respectively for NEFMC managed species occurred within existing lease areas between 2008-2023 and may be displaced. Five new lease areas for floating offshore wind were leased in Gulf of Maine in 2024. Development overlaps North Atlantic Right Whale critical habitat and may alter oceanography affecting prey availability. 2024 Highlights documented unusual conditions including increased Labrador Slope Water influx creating cooler, fresher conditions; delayed species migrations; species redistribution; and record high summer ocean acidification in the Mid-Atlantic—the highest since monitoring began in 2007.
Summary This NOAA Ecosystem Status Report for the U.S. South Atlantic Region (2021) provides a comprehensive assessment of ecosystem health from North Carolina through the Florida Keys. The report synthesizes 154 indicators across seven categories to support ecosystem-based fisheries management. Key findings include: Climate and Physical Changes: The Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation shifted to a warm phase in the mid-1990s and remains positive. Multiple temperature indicators show warming trends, particularly since the 2010s, in seasonal, annual, and decadal measurements. Coastal upwelling has declined since the early 2010s while primary productivity was low from 2010-2015. These changes suggest significant shifts in ocean dynamics. Increasing Pressures: Several chronic stressors show long-term increases including sea level rise, nutrient loading from rivers, ocean acidification (pCO₂), and precipitation. The Southeast is becoming wetter with decreased drought probability. However, thermal stress on coral reefs has increased substantially since the mid-1980s. Habitat Concerns: Limited data exists for regional-scale habitat assessments. Total wetland loss appears relatively small (1.5% from 1996-2010), but forested wetlands declined 17%. Seagrass and oyster reef data are incomplete, though both habitats have likely experienced significant historical losses. Fish Community Changes: Offshore hard-bottom reef fish diversity and abundance have generally declined since the 1980s-1990s, while nearshore demersal fish in soft-sediment habitats have increased. Mean trophic level of commercial and recreational landings has declined since the 1980s but stabilized recently. Many snapper-grouper species show declining recruitment since the early 2010s. Fisheries Trends: Recreational fishing increasingly dominates harvest, accounting for >80% of federally-managed species landings in recent years. Recreational landings and effort have increased since the 1980s while commercial landings and revenue have declined. Commercial landings of estuarine Blue Crab and Penaeid Shrimp have generally declined since the mid-1990s. Stock Status: The proportion of stocks experiencing overfishing has declined since the early 2000s and remains relatively stable. However, the number of overfished stocks (low biomass) has changed little since 2005, suggesting recovery challenges despite reduced fishing mortality. Protected Species: Marine bird abundances have been stable or increasing since the 1990s. Loggerhead Sea Turtle nest counts have increased since the mid-2000s. Marine mammal strandings have been sporadic with no long-term trend, though a major 2013 Bottlenose Dolphin mortality event occurred. Human Dimensions: The four South Atlantic states rank among the nation’s fastest growing in population. Urban land cover increased 18-23% from 1996-2010. Ocean economy employment and GDP are at record highs. Social connectedness has declined overall, with greatest losses in North and South Carolina. The synthesis reveals an ecosystem experiencing gradual but accelerating change, with significant shifts evident around 2005/2006, 2013/2014, and most recently. The report identifies critical data gaps for habitats, lower trophic levels, and human dimensions, recommending expanded monitoring and integrated ecosystem management approaches.